Question: Which days of the year fasting is haram for Muslims?

Answer: Throughout the year there are five days which are forbidden, those are: two eid days and 11, 12, 13th day of Zul-Hijjah.  It is narrated in the hadith by Abdullah Ibn Huzafa r.a who said: “Do not fast in these days, as these days are for eating, drinking and having (physical) relation with spouse.”

References:  [1] Sunan al Kubra (Nasai): 2882 [2] Ahmed: 15735 [3] Daru Qutni: v-2, p-212 [4] Al-Bahrur Raiq vol-2:258 [5] Ad Durrul Mukhtar vol-1:381

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As a family member, what can we offer for the above mentioned Salah and Fasts? As to rest assure that he can rest in peace in the grave.

Answer: If your father made a wasiyah (bequeathed) before the death and leaves behind some estate valuable property which may include cash behind, then from his estate up to one third can be spent to give the kaffarah (expiation).

On the other hand, if his estate value is not enough or has enough but did not make any wasiyah, then it is not wajib on to you to pay the fidya or kaffarah.

However, if you have enough means to pay then it is better for you to pay them off as a means of a najah (salvation) for your father.

Most importantly, out of his heirs, (eligible for inheritance) if one of them has not reached to maturity (buloog) age fidya cannot be paid from his portion of shares. That is to say, only from the property of those who reached the maturity age should be paid.

Few points to note:

1. Due to severe illness, if your father has been unconscious for more than six consecutive waqt (salah time) then no fidya or kaffarah is obligatory. This is due to the fact that he is not mukallaf (not responsible) anymore. 

2. However, if your father had the ability to re-do the qadha before his death and did not perform it then fidya should be paid.

The method of paying the fidya:

The fidya for each Salah and fast will be the average price of 1.75 kilograms of wheat/flour multiplied by six Salawat for each day (including witr) and fidya for one fast each day should be given to the needy.   

In addition, the easy method to calculate the fidya is as follows: (1) Fidya for each missed Salah is £5 (2) Fidya for each Fast is also £5 (3) Total cost for a day is: £35

Using this simple method can be helpful to calculate exact days and amounts.

Reference: [1] Suratul Baqarah V:184/185 [2] Fatawa Shami vol-2:73 [3] Tahawi [4] Musannaf Abdur Razzaq:16346 [5] I`laus Sunan vol-6, p-2892

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Question:  If anyone gives Sadaqatul Fitr before or after the Eid jamah will he be discharged from wajib?

Answer:  If anyone gives Sadaqatul Fitre before or after the Eid jamah, the duty of wajib will be discharged upon receipt by the beneficiary (Al-Bahr). However, it is better not to delay than the Eidul fitr day because the main purpose of giving Sadaqah is to benefit the needy on Eid day.

References: [1] Abu Dawud:1609 [2] I`laus Sunan vol-6, p-2836 [3] Al-Bahrur Raiq vol-2:403 [4] Badaius Sanai, vol-2:572 [5] Hidaya vol-1:211

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Answer: (a) If a person intentionally involves in to sexual intercourse during fasting in the month of Ramadan whether ejaculates or not, his fast will be void and both Qadha and Kaffarah will be wajib upon them. One fast needs to be done for Qadha as a penalty and as for kaffarah (expiation), will need to fast two months (60 days) consecutively without any break of chain (in other words if one misses one fast during this 60 consecutive days then he/she need to re-start the whole 60 fasts again). However, if one is not able to fast for 60 consecutive days then he may perform one of following two options:

(1) Feed sixty needy people one day’s full two time meals or;

(2) Feed one needy person for sixty days of full two time meals

References: [1] Bukhari:1937 [2]Muatta Malik:582 [3] Fath al-Bari, vol-4, p-203 [4] Raddul Muhtar vol-3:390 [5] Hidaya vol-1:219 [6] I`laus Sunan vol-6, p-2869-2871

(Answer b) If both forgetfully involves in to sexual intercourse during the day time in Ramadan then fast of that day will not be nullified.

Reference: [1] Fatwa Hindia/Alamgiri vol-1:202

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